How Hashing Works
A hash function converts input data of any size into a fixed-size string of characters (the hash). A tiny change in the input results in a vastly different output hash, making it perfect for verifying data integrity and checking passwords.
Hash Algorithm Notes
Different algorithms offer different levels of security and length:
- **SHA-256/512:** Recommended for security (strong collision resistance).
- **SHA-1:** Considered weak due to known collision attacks; use only for compatibility.
- **MD5:** Cryptographically broken. **Never** use for security purposes; only for file integrity checks (checksums).